The 25 Best Countries for Americans to Move to, Live Abroad, or Retire

In today’s interconnected world, more Americans than ever are considering the life-changing move of relocating overseas. Whether motivated by retirement plans, career opportunities, cost of living concerns, healthcare access, or simply the desire for adventure, expatriation requires careful consideration of numerous factors. This comprehensive guide explores the top 25 countries across six continents that offer Americans exceptional quality of life, diverse cultural experiences, and practical advantages for long-term residency.

What Makes a Country “Expat-Friendly”?

Before diving into specific destinations, it’s important to understand the key metrics that determine how suitable a country is for American expatriates:

Quality of Life: Overall happiness, safety, work-life balance, and environmental quality
Cost of Living: Housing affordability, daily expenses, and overall purchasing power
Healthcare: Accessibility, quality, and affordability of medical services
Visa Accessibility: Ease of obtaining long-term residency permits
Language Barriers: Prevalence of English and difficulty of learning the local language
Cultural Compatibility: Ease of cultural adjustment for Americans
Digital Infrastructure: Internet quality, remote work feasibility, and technological advancement
Political Stability: Government consistency and rule of law
Climate: Weather patterns and seasonal variations
Expatriate Community: Presence of established American communities

Europe: Traditional Favorites With Enduring Appeal

1. Portugal

Portugal continues to top many lists as the premier destination for American expatriates, and for good reason. Its Golden Visa program (though recently modified) remains among the most accessible pathways to European residency. Coastal cities like Lisbon and Porto offer a perfect blend of Old World charm and modern amenities, while the Algarve region provides idyllic retirement settings.

Key Advantages:

Exceptional climate with 300+ days of sunshine annually
Among the lowest cost of living in Western Europe
High-quality, affordable healthcare system
Strong English proficiency among locals, especially in urban areas
D7 visa provides a pathway to residency for retirees and remote workers
Robust expatriate communities in Lisbon, Porto, and the Algarve

Challenges:

Rising housing costs in popular expatriate areas
Bureaucratic processes can be slow and complex
Limited career opportunities with relatively low local salaries

2. Spain

Spain’s Mediterranean lifestyle continues to attract Americans seeking a balance of cultural richness, exceptional cuisine, and relaxed pace of life. Cities like Madrid and Barcelona offer cosmopolitan environments, while coastal regions provide more affordable retirement options.

Key Advantages:

Rich cultural heritage and world-renowned gastronomy
Excellent healthcare system ranked among the world’s best
Non-lucrative visa option for retirees and passive income earners
Digital nomad visa introduced for remote workers
Extensive international airports with good connections to the US
Lower cost of living than many other Western European countries

Challenges:

Higher language barrier than Portugal, especially outside major cities
Higher unemployment rates and limited local job opportunities
Bureaucratic processes can be challenging to navigate

3. Italy

Despite its bureaucratic challenges, Italy’s unparalleled cultural heritage, world-class cuisine, and scenic beauty continue to attract Americans seeking the authentic European experience. The country’s recent introduction of digital nomad visas has made it more accessible to remote workers.

Key Advantages:

Extraordinary cultural experiences and historic environments
Exceptional food and wine culture
Strong sense of community and family-oriented lifestyle
Strategic location for European travel
Highly affordable real estate in rural areas and smaller towns
New tax incentives for retirees in southern regions

Challenges:

Complex bureaucracy and paperwork requirements
Significant language barrier outside tourist areas
Limited digital infrastructure in rural areas
Higher taxes than some European alternatives

4. Greece

Greece has emerged as an increasingly popular destination for Americans, thanks to its affordable cost of living, extraordinary beauty, and newly introduced tax incentives for foreign residents. The country offers everything from vibrant urban experiences in Athens to idyllic island living.

Key Advantages:

Exceptional climate and Mediterranean lifestyle
Dramatically lower cost of living than most of Western Europe
New digital nomad visa with tax incentives
Golden Visa program through property investment
Rich cultural heritage and natural beauty
Warm, welcoming local population

Challenges:

More limited English proficiency outside tourist areas
Economic volatility and political uncertainty
Less developed healthcare infrastructure on islands and rural areas
Limited career opportunities with local employers

5. France

France continues to represent the quintessential European lifestyle dream for many Americans, particularly in regions like Provence, the Dordogne, and Normandy. While Paris remains relatively expensive, many provincial areas offer surprising affordability alongside exceptional quality of life.

Key Advantages:

World-class cultural offerings and architectural beauty
Exceptional healthcare system consistently ranked #1 globally
Renowned culinary traditions and wine culture
Efficient public transportation and infrastructure
Rich expatriate history with established American communities
Strong legal protections for residents

Challenges:

Higher cost of living, particularly in Paris and the Côte d’Azur
Significant language expectations and cultural integration requirements
Complex tax system with potentially high rates
Bureaucratic processes can be challenging

The Americas: Proximity and Familiarity

6. Costa Rica

Costa Rica has long been a pioneer in attracting American expatriates with its stable democracy, natural beauty, and established foreign resident infrastructure. The country’s “Pura Vida” lifestyle emphasizes wellbeing and environmental consciousness.

Key Advantages:

Geographical proximity and same time zones as the US
Exceptional natural environment and biodiversity
Stable democracy with no standing army
Established medical tourism infrastructure
Pensionado program with significant benefits for retirees
Large, active expatriate communities

Challenges:

Rising cost of living approaching European levels in expatriate areas
Tropical climate with heavy seasonal rains
Infrastructure limitations outside major population centers
Vehicle import taxes and transportation costs

7. Mexico

Mexico remains the single largest destination for American expatriates worldwide, with established communities in areas like Lake Chapala, San Miguel de Allende, and Puerto Vallarta. Proximity to the US, affordability, and cultural familiarity make it an enduring favorite.

Key Advantages:

Extraordinary affordability compared to the US
Rich cultural heritage and culinary traditions
Multiple climate options from beaches to temperate highlands
Easy access to the US for visits and healthcare
Straightforward residency process with reasonable requirements
Extensive expatriate support networks and services

Challenges:

Safety concerns in certain regions (though expatriate areas tend to be secure)
Healthcare quality varies significantly by region
Language barrier outside tourist zones
Infrastructure limitations in rural areas

8. Panama

Panama continues to actively court American retirees and investors through its Pensionado program and favorable tax structure. With its modern infrastructure, dollarized economy, and geographical position, it offers a unique blend of convenience and tropical living.

Key Advantages:

Uses US dollar as currency, eliminating exchange rate concerns
World-class retiree benefits through the Pensionado program
First-world infrastructure in Panama City
Territorial tax system favorable to foreign residents
Strategic location as “Hub of the Americas”
Excellent healthcare facilities in urban areas

Challenges:

Extreme humidity and rain in most regions
Significant wealth inequality and social contrasts
Limited cultural offerings compared to some alternatives
Developing infrastructure outside the capital region

9. Colombia

Once overlooked due to safety concerns, Colombia has transformed into one of Latin America’s rising expatriate destinations. Cities like Medellín offer spring-like climate year-round, modern amenities, and a cost of living that allows many Americans to significantly upgrade their lifestyle.

Key Advantages:

Exceptional climate options from Caribbean coast to mountain highlands
Dramatically lower cost of living than the US
Improved safety in major cities and expatriate areas
Rich cultural scene and natural beauty
Easy residency options with moderate income requirements
Growing digital nomad and entrepreneur communities

Challenges:

Spanish language proficiency strongly recommended
Ongoing security concerns in certain regions
Healthcare quality varies by city and facility
Limited English services outside expatriate areas

10. Ecuador

Ecuador offers one of the lowest costs of living among quality expatriate destinations, particularly in cities like Cuenca that combine colonial charm with modern amenities. The country’s diverse geography provides options from Andean highlands to Pacific coastlines.

Key Advantages:

Extraordinary affordability with high quality of life
Use of US dollar eliminates currency concerns
Excellent climate options, particularly in highland cities
Quality healthcare at a fraction of US costs
Straightforward residency requirements
Strong expatriate communities with support services

Challenges:

Limited international flight connections
Significant altitude adjustment in popular highland cities
Political instability and changing regulations
Infrastructure limitations outside major cities

Asia: The Eastern Advantage

11. Thailand

Thailand continues to attract Americans with its extraordinary value proposition, combining low cost of living with modern conveniences in cities like Bangkok and Chiang Mai. Recent visa reforms have made long-term residency more accessible for retirees and digital professionals.

Key Advantages:

Exceptional affordability with high quality of life
World-class healthcare at a fraction of US costs
Rich cultural experiences and extraordinary cuisine
Modern amenities and strong digital infrastructure
New Long-Term Resident visa with 10-year options
Established expatriate communities with extensive support

Challenges:

Significant cultural and language differences
Political uncertainty and changing visa requirements
Limited property ownership rights for foreigners
Seasonal air quality issues in northern regions

12. Malaysia

Malaysia offers a unique combination of modern infrastructure, cultural diversity, and exceptionally good value. The Malaysia My Second Home (MM2H) program, despite recent revisions, remains one of Asia’s most established residency options for foreign nationals.

Key Advantages:

English widely spoken as an official language
First-world infrastructure at developing world prices
Diverse cultural environment with multiple influences
Strategic location for exploring Southeast Asia
High-quality, affordable healthcare system
No taxes on foreign-sourced income

Challenges:

Increased financial requirements for the MM2H program
Tropical climate with high humidity year-round
Religious and cultural considerations in certain regions
Distance from the United States

13. Vietnam

Vietnam has emerged as a leading destination for younger American expatriates, digital nomads, and entrepreneurs attracted by the country’s extraordinary affordability, dynamic economy, and rich cultural heritage. Cities like Ho Chi Minh City and Hanoi offer vibrant urban experiences at a fraction of Western costs.

Key Advantages:

Among the lowest costs of living for expatriates globally
Rapidly developing economy with entrepreneurial opportunities
Rich cultural heritage and exceptional cuisine
Diverse geography from mountains to coastlines
Extremely affordable healthcare and dental care
Friendly attitudes toward Americans despite historical conflicts

Challenges:

More complex residency processes than some alternatives
Significant language barrier outside expatriate areas
Environmental concerns including air quality in urban centers
Limited infrastructure outside major cities

14. Japan

While not traditionally considered an “affordable” expatriate destination, Japan has become increasingly attractive to Americans seeking exceptional quality of life, safety, and cultural immersion. Recent remote work trends and a more favorable exchange rate have improved its accessibility.

Key Advantages:

Extraordinary safety and cleanliness
World-class infrastructure and transportation
Rich cultural experiences and incredible food scene
High-quality healthcare system
Natural beauty from alpine mountains to subtropical islands
Strong rule of law and political stability

Challenges:

Higher cost of living, particularly in Tokyo
Significant language barrier for most Americans
Complex cultural norms and social expectations
Limited housing space compared to American standards

15. Singapore

Singapore represents the premium option for American expatriates in Asia, offering unparalleled infrastructure, cleanliness, and efficiency. While expensive by Asian standards, it provides a seamless transition with English as an official language and western amenities readily available.

Key Advantages:

English widely spoken as an official language
Exceptional safety and cleanliness
World-class healthcare and education systems
Strategic hub for Asian business and travel
Excellent public transportation and infrastructure
Strong rule of law and political stability

Challenges:

Among the highest costs of living in Asia
Limited geographical space and outdoor options
Strict regulations and legal enforcement
Tropical climate with year-round humidity

Oceania: Down Under Options

16. Australia

Australia continues to attract Americans with its high quality of life, outdoor culture, and English-speaking environment. While visa requirements have tightened, pathways remain for skilled professionals, investors, and working holiday participants.

Key Advantages:

English-speaking culture with familiar customs
Exceptional quality of life and outdoor opportunities
Strong economy with competitive professional salaries
Excellent healthcare and education systems
Diverse climate options from tropical to temperate
Strong rule of law and political stability

Challenges:

High cost of living, particularly in Sydney and Melbourne
Geographical isolation from the United States
Stringent visa requirements for permanent residency
Wildlife and environmental considerations in some areas

17. New Zealand

New Zealand’s extraordinary natural beauty, progressive politics, and high quality of life continue to draw Americans seeking a significant lifestyle change. The country’s handling of recent global challenges has further enhanced its reputation as a safe haven.

Key Advantages:

Breathtaking landscapes and outdoor recreation
English-speaking environment with friendly locals
Strong environmental focus and sustainability
Excellent work-life balance and family benefits
High-quality healthcare and education
Political stability and effective governance

Challenges:

Very high cost of living relative to incomes
Geographical isolation and long travel distances
Limited housing stock in desirable areas
Cooler, wetter climate than many Americans prefer

Africa and the Middle East: Emerging Opportunities

18. Morocco

Morocco offers a fascinating blend of African, Middle Eastern, and European influences just a short hop from Spain. Cities like Marrakech and coastal Essaouira have established expatriate communities enjoying the country’s extraordinary affordability and rich cultural experiences.

Key Advantages:

Exceptional affordability with high quality of life
Rich cultural heritage and architectural beauty
Pleasant climate, particularly in coastal regions
Proximity to Europe for travel and healthcare
Strong French influence makes for easier transition
Established expatriate communities with support networks

Challenges:

Language barrier (Arabic and French predominate)
Cultural and religious differences require adjustment
Healthcare quality varies significantly by region
Infrastructure limitations outside major cities

19. United Arab Emirates

Dubai and Abu Dhabi continue to attract American professionals with tax-free salaries, modern infrastructure, and strategic location. Recent visa reforms have created new pathways for remote workers, retirees, and entrepreneurs seeking long-term residency.

Key Advantages:

No income taxes on salary or foreign income
Ultra-modern infrastructure and amenities
English widely spoken in business and daily life
Strategic location connecting Europe, Asia, and Africa
Excellent healthcare facilities with Western standards
Strong safety record and political stability

Challenges:

Extreme summer heat limits outdoor activities
High cost of living, particularly for housing and education
Cultural and religious considerations affect daily life
Limited permanent residency options despite reforms

Eastern Europe: Emerging Value Leaders

20. Croatia

Croatia has rapidly evolved from a tourism destination to a serious expatriate option, particularly since joining the European Union and introducing digital nomad visas. The country’s stunning coastline, historic cities, and relative affordability make it increasingly popular with Americans.

Key Advantages:

Extraordinary natural beauty, particularly along the Adriatic coast
EU membership providing broader European access
Significantly lower cost of living than Western Europe
Digital nomad visa program with favorable terms
Excellent safety record and low crime rates
Mediterranean climate with mild winters

Challenges:

Seasonal tourism affects coastal areas dramatically
Limited career opportunities with local employers
Language barrier outside tourist areas
Bureaucratic processes can be challenging

21. Czech Republic

Prague continues to attract American expatriates with its fairy-tale architecture, central European location, and relatively affordable cost of living. The Czech Republic offers a perfect balance of Western amenities and Eastern European value.

Key Advantages:

Extraordinary architectural beauty and cultural offerings
Central location ideal for European travel
Strong expatriate community with extensive support
Excellent public transportation and infrastructure
High-quality, affordable healthcare system
Vibrant arts and cultural scene

Challenges:

Challenging language for English speakers
Complex bureaucracy and paperwork requirements
Colder winters than many Americans prefer
Rising housing costs in Prague and major cities

22. Georgia

Georgia (the country) has emerged as a leading digital nomad destination thanks to its extraordinary visa policies, including the ability for Americans to stay visa-free for 365 days. Tbilisi offers a fascinating blend of ancient culture and emerging modernity at extremely affordable prices.

Key Advantages:

Extremely favorable visa policies for Americans
Among the lowest costs of living for quality destinations
Emerging tech and digital nomad hub
Exceptional food and wine culture
Stunning diverse landscapes from mountains to coastline
Very low tax rates for certain business activities

Challenges:

Significant distance from the United States
Limited English proficiency outside expatriate circles
Developing infrastructure and healthcare systems
Geopolitical concerns related to regional tensions

Additional Considerations

23. Uruguay

Often overlooked in favor of its larger neighbors, Uruguay offers exceptional political stability, a strong banking system, and a European-influenced culture that many Americans find comfortable. The country actively courts foreign residents with favorable tax policies and straightforward residency processes.

Key Advantages:

Strong democratic institutions and political stability
Straightforward residency process with reasonable requirements
No taxation on foreign income for new residents
Excellent healthcare system with universal coverage
Progressive social policies and low corruption
European-influenced culture and lifestyle

Challenges:

Higher cost of living than most Latin American countries
Smaller expatriate community than neighboring countries
Limited cultural and entertainment options compared to larger countries
Seasonal nature of coastal communities

24. Indonesia (Bali)

While Indonesia as a whole presents challenges for long-term residents, Bali has developed into a world-class destination for digital nomads, entrepreneurs, and retirees seeking tropical living at extraordinary value. Recent visa reforms have made long-term stays more accessible.

Key Advantages:

Exceptional affordability with high quality of life
Tropical climate with beautiful natural settings
Strong spiritual and wellness culture
Established expatriate infrastructure and services
New digital nomad and second home visa options
World-class luxury available at moderate prices

Challenges:

Distance from Western healthcare facilities
Infrastructure limitations including internet reliability
Environmental concerns and overtourism in popular areas
Cultural and religious differences require respect and adjustment

25. Malta

This tiny Mediterranean island nation offers a unique proposition: English as an official language, EU membership, and a strategic location between Europe and North Africa. Malta’s retirement programs and investment options provide several pathways to residency.

Key Advantages:

English widely spoken as an official language
EU membership with associated benefits
Excellent Mediterranean climate
Strategic location with good connectivity
Retirement visa program with favorable terms
Strong healthcare system with British influence

Challenges:

Limited geographical space and natural areas
High population density in urban areas
Increasingly expensive real estate market
Water quality and environmental concerns

Completed List of the Best Countries for Americans to move to:

Portugal
Spain
Italy
Greece
France
Costa Rica
Mexico
Panama
Colombia
Ecuador
Thailand
Malaysia
Vietnam
Japan
Singapore
Australia
New Zealand
Morocco
UAE
Croatia
Czech Republic
Georgia
Uruguay
Indonesia/Bali
Malta

Global Comparison: Finding Your Perfect Match

Selecting the ideal expatriate destination requires careful consideration of personal priorities and circumstances. The following comparison table provides a standardized overview of key metrics across the 25 countries discussed:

Country	Cost of Living	Healthcare Quality	Residency Ease	English Proficiency	Climate	Political Stability	Digital Infrastructure
Portugal	Moderate	Very High	High	High	Mediterranean	Very High	High
Spain	Moderate	Very High	Moderate	Moderate	Mediterranean	High	High
Italy	Moderate-High	High	Moderate	Moderate-Low	Mediterranean	Moderate	Moderate
Greece	Moderate-Low	Moderate	High	Moderate	Mediterranean	Moderate	Moderate
France	High	Very High	Moderate	Moderate-Low	Temperate	High	High
Costa Rica	Moderate	High	High	Moderate	Tropical	High	Moderate
Mexico	Low	Moderate-High	High	Low-Moderate	Varies	Moderate	Moderate
Panama	Moderate-Low	High	Very High	Moderate	Tropical	High	High
Colombia	Very Low	Moderate	High	Low	Varies	Moderate	Moderate-High
Ecuador	Very Low	Moderate	High	Low	Varies	Moderate-Low	Moderate
Thailand	Very Low	High	Moderate	Low-Moderate	Tropical	Moderate	High
Malaysia	Low	High	Moderate	Very High	Tropical	Moderate-High	High
Vietnam	Very Low	Moderate	Moderate-Low	Low	Tropical	Moderate	Moderate-High
Japan	High	Very High	Moderate-Low	Low	Temperate	Very High	Very High
Singapore	Very High	Very High	Moderate	Very High	Tropical	Very High	Very High
Australia	High	Very High	Moderate-Low	Very High	Varies	Very High	High
New Zealand	High	Very High	Moderate	Very High	Temperate	Very High	High
Morocco	Very Low	Moderate-Low	Moderate	Low	Mediterranean	Moderate	Moderate
UAE	High	Very High	Moderate	Very High	Desert	Very High	Very High
Croatia	Moderate-Low	High	Moderate-High	Moderate	Mediterranean	High	High
Czech Republic	Moderate-Low	High	Moderate	Moderate	Continental	High	High
Georgia	Very Low	Moderate-Low	Very High	Low-Moderate	Varies	Moderate	Moderate-High
Uruguay	Moderate	High	High	Low	Temperate	Very High	Moderate-High
Indonesia (Bali)	Very Low	Moderate-Low	Moderate	Moderate	Tropical	Moderate	Moderate
Malta	Moderate-High	High	Moderate-High	Very High	Mediterranean	Very High	High

Making Your Decision: A Strategic Approach

Finding your ideal expatriate destination requires balancing multiple factors against your personal circumstances. Consider the following approach:

Identify Non-Negotiables: Determine which factors are absolute requirements (climate, healthcare quality, cost thresholds)
Consider Your Income Source: Digital workers, retirees, and local employees each have dramatically different considerations
Test Before Committing: Spend at least 3-6 months in your target destination before making permanent moves
Evaluate Tax Implications: Consult with international tax experts about your specific situation
Research Visa Pathways: Understand the full requirements and restrictions of available residency options
Connect with Expatriate Communities: Join online forums and connect with Americans already living in your target destinations
Consider Healthcare Carefully: Medical needs become increasingly important with age and should be a primary consideration
Plan for the Long-Term: Consider how aging, family needs, and geopolitical changes might affect your choice over time

Conclusion: A World of Possibilities

The expatriate lifestyle offers unprecedented opportunities for Americans seeking adventure, value, or simply a change of perspective. While each destination presents unique advantages and challenges, the common thread among successful expatriates is thorough research, realistic expectations, and an open mind.

As remote work continues to transform the professional landscape and retirement savings face increasing pressure from rising costs, the option to “live globally” has never been more relevant or accessible. By carefully evaluating your priorities, financial situation, and personal preferences against the diverse options presented in this guide, you can identify the overseas destination that best aligns with your vision for the future.

Whether you choose the established expatriate havens of Western Europe, the emerging values of Southeast Asia, the familiar comforts of Latin America, or the exotic adventures of more emerging destinations, the key to success lies in preparation, flexibility, and a genuine appreciation for the cultural differences that make international living such a rewarding experience.